{"id":2192,"date":"2012-10-31T20:07:34","date_gmt":"2012-10-31T12:07:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kyle.ai\/blog\/?p=2192"},"modified":"2012-10-31T20:24:51","modified_gmt":"2012-10-31T12:24:51","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%a1%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e6%94%b6%e9%9b%86%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%8f%8a%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kyle.ai\/blog\/2192.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7ad9\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u539f\u6587\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.codinglabs.org\/html\/how-web-analytics-data-collection-system-work.html<\/a><\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\r\n_gaq.push(['Action', 'param1', 'param2', ...]);\r\n<\/pre>\n
Action\u6307\u5b9a\u914d\u7f6e\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002GA\u7ed9\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u57cb\u70b9\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e24\u6761\u9884\u7f6e\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c_setAccount\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f51\u7ad9\u6807\u8bc6ID\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6ID\u662f\u5728\u6ce8\u518cGA\u65f6\u5206\u914d\u7684\u3002_trackPageview\u544a\u8bc9GA\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e00\u6b21\u9875\u9762\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u914d\u7f6e\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\uff1ahttps:\/\/developers.google.com\/analytics\/devguides\/collection\/gajs\/\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a_gaq\u662f\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u4e00\u4e2aFIFO\u961f\u5217\u6765\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u5fc5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u57cb\u70b9\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4e0a\u8ff0\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
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\u65f6\u95f4^AIP^A\u57df\u540d^AURL^A\u9875\u9762\u6807\u9898^AReferrer^A\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u9ad8^A\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5bbd^A\u989c\u8272\u6df1\u5ea6^A\u8bed\u8a00^A\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f^A\u7528\u6237\u6807\u8bc6^A\u7f51\u7ad9\u6807\u8bc6<\/span><\/p>\n
\u540e\u7aef\u811a\u672c<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6548\u7387\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u6211\u6253\u7b97\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528nginx\u7684access_log\u505a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662fnginx\u914d\u7f6e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u9009\u7528\u4e86OpenResty\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002OpenResty\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eNginx\u6269\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7ngx_lua\u6a21\u5757\u96c6\u6210\u4e86Lua\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Lua\u6765\u8868\u8ff0\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u505a\u8fc7\u591a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5176\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9http:\/\/openresty.org\/\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u5176\u4f5c\u8005\u7ae0\u4ea6\u6625\uff08agentzh\uff09\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7231\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecdOpenResty\u7684slide\uff1ahttp:\/\/agentzh.org\/misc\/slides\/ngx-openresty-ecosystem\/\uff0c\u5173\u4e8engx_lua\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\uff1ahttps:\/\/github.com\/chaoslawful\/lua-nginx-module\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\nlog_format tick "$msec^A$remote_addr^A$u_domain^A$u_url^A$u_title^A$u_referrer^A$u_sh^A$u_sw^A$u_cd^A$u_lang^A$http_user_agent^A$u_utrace^A$u_account";\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5u_\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5f85\u4f1a\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u662fnginx\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e24\u4e2alocation\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\nlocation \/1.gif {\r\n    #\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210gif\u6587\u4ef6\r\n    default_type image\/gif;\r\n    #\u672c\u8eab\u5173\u95edaccess_log\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7subrequest\u8bb0\u5f55log\r\n    access_log off;\r\n\r\n    access_by_lua "\r\n        -- \u7528\u6237\u8ddf\u8e2acookie\u540d\u4e3a__utrace\r\n        local uid = ngx.var.cookie___utrace\r\n        if not uid then\r\n            -- \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5219\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ddf\u8e2acookie\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3amd5(\u65f6\u95f4\u6233+IP+\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f)\r\n            uid = ngx.md5(ngx.now() .. ngx.var.remote_addr .. ngx.var.http_user_agent)\r\n        end\r\n        ngx.header['Set-Cookie'] = {'__utrace=' .. uid .. '; path=\/'}\r\n        if ngx.var.arg_domain then\r\n            -- \u901a\u8fc7subrequest\u5230\/i-log\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u7528\u6237\u8ddf\u8e2acookie\u5e26\u8fc7\u53bb\r\n            ngx.location.capture('\/i-log?' .. ngx.var.args .. '&utrace=' .. uid)\r\n        end\r\n    ";\r\n\r\n    #\u6b64\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u7f13\u5b58\r\n    add_header Expires "Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT";\r\n    add_header Pragma "no-cache";\r\n    add_header Cache-Control "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate";\r\n\r\n    #\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a1\u00d71\u7684\u7a7agif\u56fe\u7247\r\n    empty_gif;\r\n}\r\n\r\nlocation \/i-log {\r\n    #\u5185\u90e8location\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5916\u90e8\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\r\n    internal;\r\n\r\n    #\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u9700\u8981unescape\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_domain $arg_domain;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_url $arg_url;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_title $arg_title;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_referrer $arg_referrer;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_sh $arg_sh;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_sw $arg_sw;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_cd $arg_cd;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_lang $arg_lang;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_utrace $arg_utrace;\r\n    set_unescape_uri $u_account $arg_account;\r\n\r\n    #\u6253\u5f00\u65e5\u5fd7\r\n    log_subrequest on;\r\n    #\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u5230ma.log\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u52a0buffer\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3atick\r\n    access_log \/path\/to\/logs\/directory\/ma.log tick;\r\n\r\n    #\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\r\n    echo '';\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u6bb5\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u6709\u70b9\u8d85\u51fa\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9ngxin\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u5168\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728OpenResty\u4e2d\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6211\u90fd\u7528\u6ce8\u91ca\u6807\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5927\u7ea6\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u539f\u7406\u4e00\u8282\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u903b\u8f91\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c<\/span><\/p>\n
\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u957f\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u65e5\u5fd7\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u5207\u5206\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6bcf\u5929\u6216\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u5207\u5206\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u6548\u679c\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u5207\u5206\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u6211\u662f\u901a\u8fc7crontab\u5b9a\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2ashell\u811a\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0cshell\u811a\u672c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\n_prefix="\/path\/to\/nginx"\r\ntime=`date +%Y%m%d%H`\r\n\r\nmv ${_prefix}\/logs\/ma.log ${_prefix}\/logs\/ma\/ma-${time}.log\r\nkill -USR1 `cat ${_prefix}\/logs\/nginx.pid`\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5c06ma.log\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5e76\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3ama-{yyyymmddhh}.log\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411nginx\u53d1\u9001USR1\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ee4\u5176\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u518d\/etc\/crontab\u91cc\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u884c\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\n59  *  *  *  * root \/path\/to\/directory\/rotatelog.sh\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u768459\u5206\u542f\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u6628\u5929\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u4e2d\u57cb\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7http\u6293\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230ma.js\u548c1.gif\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\u56fe6. http\u5305\u5206\u6790ma.js\u548c1.gif\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b1.gif\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\u56fe7. 1.gif\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u786e\u5b9e\u4e5f\u653e\u5728\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u6211tail\u6253\u5f00\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u4e0b\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbeaccess log buffer\uff0c \u6211\u7acb\u5373\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\n1351060731.360^A0.0.0.0^Awww.codinglabs.org^Ahttp:\/\/www.codinglabs.org\/^ACodingLabs^A^A1024^A1280^A24^Azh-CN^AMozilla\/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_2)\r\nAppleWebKit\/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/22.0.1229.94 Safari\/537.4^A4d612be64366768d32e623d594e82678^AU-1-1\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u539f\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684^A\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u7528\u53ef\u89c1\u7684^A\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u53e6\u5916IP\u7531\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u9690\u79c1\u6211\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e860.0.0.0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u770b\u4e00\u773c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u57cb\u4e86\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u8f6e\u8f6c\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\u56fe8. \u8f6e\u8f6c\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u5206\u6790<\/span>
\n \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u3002\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u6ce8\u91cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5199\u592a\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u6700\u597d\u5c3d\u91cf\u591a\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u505a\u8fc7\u591a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u7684MyAnalytics\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u662f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7IP\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u7684\u5730\u57df\u3001user agent\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u8bbf\u5ba2\u3001\u5730\u57df\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u6e05\u6d17\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u540e\u8f6c\u5b58\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5982MySQL\u6216HBase\u4e2d\u518d\u505a\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5206\u6790\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Storm\uff0c\u800c\u79bb\u7ebf\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Hadoop\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7shell\u547d\u4ee4\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e09\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u5f97\u51fa\u6211\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u4e0a\u53488\u70b9\u52309\u70b9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u91cf\uff08PV\uff09\uff0c\u8bbf\u5ba2\u6570\uff08UV\uff09\u548c\u72ec\u7acbIP\u6570\uff08IP\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\nawk -F^A '{print $1}' ma-2012102409.log | wc -l\r\nawk -F^A '{print $12}' ma-2012102409.log | uniq | wc -l\r\nawk -F^A '{print $2}' ma-2012102409.log | uniq | wc -l\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5176\u5b83\u597d\u73a9\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6162\u6162\u6316\u6398\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003<\/span>
\n GA\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6587\u6863\uff1ahttps:\/\/developers.google.com\/analytics\/devguides\/collection\/gajs\/<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0nginx\u6536\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff1ahttp:\/\/blog.linezing.com\/2011\/11\/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8nginx%E8%AE%B0%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97<\/span><\/p>\n
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