主要通过蓝牙协议，通过 pyserial 这个python模块来实现蓝牙数据的收发。
读卡器设备为华视电子的CVR-100B这款身份证读卡器。官网：http://www.chinaidcard.com/archives/72/
首先把蓝牙连接上，然后找到蓝牙对应的设备名称：
ls /dev/tty* /dev/tty.CVR-100B-SPPDev /dev/tty /dev/tty.Bluetooth-Incoming-Port /dev/tty.CVR-100B-SPPDev
找到设备号为 `/dev/tty.CVR-100B-SPPDev `， 这个一会代码里面连接会用到。
然后直接连接：
def __init__(self, port_name=None):
self.ser = serial.Serial()
self.ser.baudrate = self.baudrate
if port_name:
self.port_name = port_name
self.ser.port = self.port_name
self.ser.timeout = 1
向蓝牙接口写命令数据：
cmd_request = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x22] self.ser.open() self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_request))
读取数据的方法：
def serial_read(self):
bytes_data = self.ser.read(1)
while True:
bytes_data += self.ser.read(self.ser.in_waiting)
time.sleep(0.1)
if self.ser.in_waiting<=0:
break
return bytes_data
根据官方的例子，需要先发送两止指令，才能读取卡的数据：
cmd_request = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x22]
cmd_select = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x20, 0x02, 0x21]
cmd_read = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x30, 0x01, 0x32]
cmd_sam = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x12, 0xFF, 0xEE]
def read(self):
info = None
try:
self.ser.open()
self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_request))
buffer1 = self.serial_read()
self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_select))
buffer2 = self.serial_read()
self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_read))
buffer0 = self.serial_read()
info = self.decode_info(buffer0)
except Exception as e:
gen_log.error(e)
finally:
self.ser.close()
return info
decode_info 方法就是把读取到的数据，按照协议解析成文本。
这一步有一个编码的坑，一直按照utf-8的思路去 encode, decode，都不行。
最后才发现编码为 utf-16。
info_pos_map = {
'name': [14, 30], # 开始位置，长度
'sex': [44, 2],
'nation': [46, 4],
'birthday': [50, 16],
'address': [66, 70],
'idcode': [136, 36],
'department': [176, 30],
'sdate': [202, 16],
'tdate': [218, 16],
# 'photo': [270, 1024],
}
def decode_info(self, data):
info = {}
for name, pos in self.info_pos_map.items():
if name!='photo':
info[name] = data[pos[0]:sum(pos)].decode('utf-16').strip()
else:
info[name] = data[pos[0]:sum(pos)]
info['nation'] = self._decode_nation(info['nation'])
info['sex'] = self._decode_sex(info['sex'])
return info
完整代码
#coding=utf-8
import serial
import time
from axmservice.lib.log import gen_log
nation_code_map = {
"01": u"汉",
"02": u"蒙古",
"03": u"回",
"04": u"藏",
"05": u"维吾尔",
"06": u"苗",
"07": u"彝",
"08": u"壮",
"09": u"布依",
"10": u"朝鲜",
"11": u"满",
"12": u"侗",
"13": u"瑶",
"14": u"白",
"15": u"土家",
"16": u"哈尼",
"17": u"哈萨克",
"18": u"傣",
"19": u"黎",
"20": u"傈僳",
"21": u"佤",
"22": u"畲",
"23": u"高山",
"24": u"拉祜",
"25": u"水",
"26": u"东乡",
"27": u"纳西",
"28": u"景颇",
"29": u"柯尔克孜",
"30": u"土",
"31": u"达斡尔",
"32": u"仫佬",
"33": u"羌",
"34": u"布朗",
"35": u"撒拉",
"36": u"毛南",
"37": u"仡佬",
"38": u"锡伯",
"39": u"阿昌",
"40": u"普米",
"41": u"塔吉克",
"42": u"怒",
"43": u"乌孜别克",
"44": u"俄罗斯",
"45": u"鄂温克",
"46": u"德昂",
"47": u"保安",
"48": u"裕固",
"49": u"京",
"50": u"塔塔尔",
"51": u"独龙",
"52": u"鄂伦春",
"53": u"赫哲",
"54": u"门巴",
"55": u"珞巴",
"56": u"基诺",
}
class IDCardReaderCVR100U(object):
'''华视身份证读卡器, 型号 CVR-100B
先通过蓝牙连接上读卡器, 然后 ls /dev/tty* 找到对应的串口名称, 实例化的时候传递进来
'''
baudrate = 9600
port_name = '/dev/tty.CVR-100B-SPPDev'
cmd_request = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x22]
cmd_select = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x20, 0x02, 0x21]
cmd_read = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x30, 0x01, 0x32]
cmd_sam = [0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x96, 0x69, 0x00, 0x03, 0x12, 0xFF, 0xEE]
info_pos_map = {
'name': [14, 30], # 开始位置，长度
'sex': [44, 2],
'nation': [46, 4],
'birthday': [50, 16],
'address': [66, 70],
'idcode': [136, 36],
'department': [176, 30],
'sdate': [202, 16],
'tdate': [218, 16],
# 'photo': [270, 1024],
}
def __init__(self, port_name=None):
self.ser = serial.Serial()
self.ser.baudrate = self.baudrate
if port_name:
self.port_name = port_name
self.ser.port = self.port_name
self.ser.timeout = 1
def decode_info(self, data):
info = {}
for name, pos in self.info_pos_map.items():
if name!='photo':
info[name] = data[pos[0]:sum(pos)].decode('utf-16').strip()
else:
info[name] = data[pos[0]:sum(pos)]
info['nation'] = self._decode_nation(info['nation'])
info['sex'] = self._decode_sex(info['sex'])
return info
def _decode_sex(self, data):
if data == '1':
return u'男'
elif data == '2':
return u'女'
elif data == '9':
return u'其它'
else: return ''
def _decode_nation(self, data):
return nation_code_map.get(data, '')
def serial_read(self):
bytes_data = self.ser.read(1)
while True:
bytes_data += self.ser.read(self.ser.in_waiting)
time.sleep(0.1)
if self.ser.in_waiting<=0:
break
return bytes_data
def read(self):
info = None
try:
self.ser.open()
self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_request))
buffer1 = self.serial_read()
self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_select))
buffer2 = self.serial_read()
self.ser.write(serial.to_bytes(self.cmd_read))
buffer0 = self.serial_read()
info = self.decode_info(buffer0)
except Exception as e:
gen_log.error(e)
finally:
self.ser.close()
return info